Te pānga o ngā huringa o ngā wā ki te tinana
He nui te pānga o te rerekētanga o ngā pāmahana o te wā ki ngā kukū mate pāwera i te rangi me te hauora o te manawa. I te pikinga ake o te pāmahana i ngā wā whakawhiti, ka uru ngā tipu ki ngā huringa whakaputa uri tere, ka piki ake te hanga hae – inā koa mai i ngā momo birch, ragweed, me te tarutaru. I te wā kotahi, ka hangaia e ngā āhuatanga mahana ake he kāinga pai mō ngā mite puehu (momo Dermatophagoides), me te tupu haere o ō rātou taupori i ngā taumata haumākū neke atu i te 50% me ngā pāmahana i waenga i te 20-25°C. Ina hongihia ēnei matūriki koiora, ka whakaoho i ngā tauhohenga mate pāwera e te immunoglobulin E (IgE) i roto i ngā tāngata kua pāngia e te mate pāwera, ka puta ko te rhinitis mate pāwera e tohuhia ana e te ihu pupuhi, te rhinorrhea, me te tihe, te kaha ake rānei o te urupare a te pūkahukahu e kitea ana i roto i ngā whakaekenga huango.
Hei tāpiri atu, ko ngā wero whakarerekētanga pāmahana ohorere i puta mai i ngā rerekētanga tere o te pāmahana ka puta he ahotea ā-tinana ki te epithelium manawa. Ko te mucosa ihu, e mau tonu ana i te 34-36°C, ka pāngia e te vasoconstriction i te wā e mātao ana, me te vasodilation i ngā wā mahana, ka whakararu i ngā tikanga whakakore mucociliary. Ka whakaitihia e tēnei ahotea wera te hanga huna immunoglobulin A (sIgA) tae atu ki te 40% e ai ki ngā rangahau āhuarangi, ka tino ngoikore te parepare ārai mate tuatahi o te ara manawa. Ko te ngoikore o te epithelial ka puta he āhuatanga pai mō te pathogenesis viral - e whakaatu ana ngā rhinovirus i ngā tere whakaputa uri kua piki ake i roto i ngā ara ihu matao (33-35°C ki te pāmahana tinana matua), ko ngā virion rewharewha e pupuri ana i te pumau taiao nui ake i roto i te hau makariri iti. Ko ēnei āhuatanga whakakotahi ka whakanui ake i ngā mōrearea o te taupori mō ngā mate manawa o runga tata ki te 30% i ngā wā whakawhiti, inā koa ka pā ki ngā taupori tamariki me ngā kaumātua he iti ake te kaha o te ārai mucosal.
Ka pā kino pea ngā rerekētanga o te pāmahana o te wā ki te mahi a te ngākau mā te whakarerekē i te whakawhāiti me te whakawhānui o ngā oko toto, ka hua ake he taumata toto toto kore pumau. I ngā wā whakawhiti o te rangi, ka puta he whakarerekētanga auau o te kaha o ngā oko toto i ngā huringa ohorere o te pāmahana taiao i te ngana o te tinana ki te pupuri i te taurite wera. Ka pā kino tēnei ahotea ā-tinana ki ngā tāngata kua pāngia e ngā mate o mua pērā i te toto toto tiketike (te toto toto tiketike tonu) me te mate uaua coronary (te rere o te toto ki te uaua o te ngākau).
Ko te kore pumau o te toto toto ka nui ake te taumahatanga ki te pūnaha manawa, ka akiaki i te ngākau kia kaha ake te mahi kia pai ai te rere o te toto. Mō ngā taupori ngoikore, ka taea e tēnei tono nui ake te whakararu i te mahi ngākau kua ngoikore, ka nui ake te tūponotanga o ngā raruraru manawa tere. Kei roto i ēnei ko te angina pectoris (te hekenga o te hāora e mamae ai te uma) me te myocardial infarction (te aukati katoa o te rere o te toto coronary ka kino ai ngā kiko o te ngākau). E whakaatu ana ngā rangahau hauora ko taua kore pumau o te hemodynamic e peia ana e te pāmahana ka whai wāhi ki te pikinga 20-30% o ngā āhuatanga ohorere manawa i ngā wā whakawhiti, inā koa i waenga i ngā tūroro kaumātua me te hunga he mate mau tonu kāore i te pai te whakahaere.
Ka pāngia pea te mahi ārai mate o te tinana e ngā huringa o te pāmahana me te haumākū o te wā mō te wā poto. I te mea e hiahia ana te pūnaha ārai mate ki te wā ki te urutau ki ngā āhuatanga taiao e huri haere ana, ka hangaia e tēnei wā urutau he matapihi ngoikore. Mēnā ka pāngia e ngā mate pēnei i te huaketo, te huakita rānei i tēnei wā, ka ngoikore pea ngā parepare o te tinana, ka piki ake te tūponotanga o ngā mate pēnei i te makariri, te rewharewha, ngā mate manawa rānei. Ko ngā kaumātua, ngā tamariki nohinohi, me te hunga whai mate hauora mau tonu ka tino pāngia i ngā whakawhiti o te wā nā te mea he iti ake te kaha o ā rātou urupare ārai mate.
Te ārai me te rongoā i ngā mate noa i ngā huringa o te wā
Ngā mate manawa
1. Whakakahangia ngā mahi tiaki
I ngā wā e nui ana te hae, ngana kia whakaitihia te haere ki waho. Ki te hiahia koe ki te haere ki waho, mauria he taputapu tiaki pēnei i te kopare me ngā mōhiti hei karo i te pā atu ki ngā mate pāwera.
2. Kia mā te hau i roto i tō whare
Whakatuwheratia ngā matapihi i ia wā hei whakapūhauhautanga, whakamahia he pūwhakapai hau hei tātari i ngā mate pāwera i te hau, ā, kia mau tonu te ma o te hau o roto.
3. Whakarei ake i te ārai mate
Whakapai ake i te ārai mate o tō tinana me te whakaiti i te mōrearea o ngā mate manawa mā te kai i ngā kai tika, te whakakori tinana taurite, me te moe nui.
Mate ngākau
1. Aroturuki i te toto toto
I te wā e huri ana te wā, me aroturuki tonu i te toto toto kia mōhio ai koe ki ngā huringa o te toto toto. Mena ka tino rerekē te toto toto, rapua he awhina hauora i te wā tika, ka whakatikatika i te horopeta o ngā rongoā whakaheke toto i raro i te aratohu a te taote.
2. Kia mahana
Tāpirihia ngā kākahu i te wā tika kia rite ki ngā huringa o te rangi hei karo i te whakawhāititanga o ngā oko toto i te makariri, me te whakanui ake i te taumahatanga ki te ngākau.
3. Kai tika
Mā te whakahaere i te kai tote me te kai i ngā kai whai rawa i te pāhare pāporo, te konupūmā, te konupora me ētahi atu kohuke, pērā i te panana, te pīnihi, te miraka, me ētahi atu, ka āwhina i te pupuri i te toto toto pumau.
Ngā mate pāwera
1. Āta karohia te pā atu ki ngā mate pāwera
Kia mārama ki ō mate pāwera, me te ngana ki te karo i te pā atu ki a koe. Hei tauira, ki te mea he mate pāwera koe ki te hae, whakaitihia te wā e noho ana koe i waho i te wā o te hae.
2. Te ārai me te rongoā i ngā rongoā
I raro i te aratohu a te tākuta, whakamahia ngā rongoā ārai mate pāwera i runga i te whakaaro tika hei whakaora i ngā tohumate mate pāwera. Mō ngā mate pāwera kino, rapua he awhina hauora i te wā tika.
Wā tuku: 18 Paenga-whāwhā 2025